These Historic European Castles Have Stood for Centuries — and Their Legends Are Just as Fascinating as Their Architecture

From the east to the west, you can find historic castles all over Europe. If you’ll be taking a vacation on the continent in the future, then be sure to step into one of the following storybook fortresses at some time during your visit. Whether heading tco Austria, France, Spain, Slovakia or the UK, there’s a splendid fairytale castle to see. Not to mention the Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, Lithuania, Portugal, Romania or Slovenia…

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Swipe and Vote: See What Travelers Recommend

Which fairytale castle would you dramatically stare out of a window from, contemplating your royal destiny?

This is a swiper quiz, swipe right for yes, swipe left for no.

Bran Castle, Romania. Place of Dracula in Transylvania, Carpathian Mountains, in Eastern Europe

Bran (Dracula’s), RO 1/5

A view of Chateau de Chambord and its moat.

Chambord, FR 2/5

Neuschwanstein Castle in Germany, with mountains behind and a pink sky above.

Neuschwanstein, DE 3/5

Small Towns Across the Globe Sintra, Portugal

Pena Palace, PT 4/5

Edinburgh, SCT 5/5

Results

Bran (Dracula’s), RO

4 2

Chambord, FR

4 2

Neuschwanstein, DE

4 2

Pena Palace, PT

4 2

Edinburgh, SCT

4 2

Château de Chambord, France

Whether you’re planning to visit the Loire Valley anyway or would like an excuse to do so, add Château De Chambord to your list. Built during the 16th century in the classic French Renaissance style, it has more than 400 rooms. The spires, courtyards, turrets, and double-helix staircase of this castle have inspired numerous artists and writers.

Climb to the Rooftop for the Best Views – Many visitors focus on the grand halls and forget the rooftop terraces. Head up to admire the intricate chimneys and turrets while enjoying a panoramic view of the Loire Valley.
Don’t Miss the Double-Helix Staircase – This Leonardo da Vinci-inspired masterpiece allows two people to ascend and descend without crossing paths—an architectural marvel you must experience!

Bran Castle, Romania

Bran Castle in Romania has some darker associations than other fairytale castles: the storybook is Bram Stoker’s Dracula. The history of this fortress goes back to the 14th century, and it features a blend of Baroque, Gothic, and Renaissance architectural styles. Queen Marie of Romania once called this red-roofed castle home.

Check Out the Vlad Țepeș Mythology Room – While Dracula is fiction, Bran Castle embraces the legend. The dedicated Vlad the Impaler exhibit offers fascinating insights into the historical figure behind the myth, complete with medieval torture instruments and historical accounts.
Bring Cash for the Local Market – Right outside the castle, you’ll find a vibrant souvenir market selling unique Transylvanian crafts, vampire-themed memorabilia, and homemade țuică (plum brandy). Many vendors don’t accept cards, so having Romanian leu (RON) on hand will help you grab some authentic keepsakes.

Edinburgh Castle, Scotland

The capital of Scotland is dominated by one of Europe’s most iconic castles. Edinburgh Castle is perched on a rock overlooking the city and was the birthplace of Mary, Queen of Scots. The one o’clock gun salute still takes place daily, with rare exceptions. This honey-toned, medieval fortress is packed with history and interesting artifacts, including the oldest Crown Jewels in the UK.

Find the Hidden U.S. Flag – In the castle’s old prison vaults, spot an 18th-century carving of the Stars and Stripes, one of Europe’s earliest.
Catch the Tattoo Show – Visit in August for the Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo, a stunning display of bagpipes, fireworks, and military performances.

Miramare Castle, Italy

World Wild Schooling - https://worldwildschooling.com These Historic European Castles Have Stood for Centuries — and Their Legends Are Just as Fascinating as Their Architecture - https://worldwildschooling.com/european-castles/ — © Pablo Debat / Adobe Stock

This Italian castle is far more modern than appearances suggest. It was constructed during the mid-19th century but resembles something from centuries before. The fort is enclosed in glorious gardens and also offers superlative views over the Adriatic Sea.

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Explore Maximilian’s Private Quarters – The Archduke’s bedroom was designed to resemble a ship’s cabin, reflecting his naval passion. The wooden interiors and sea-facing bed make it one of the most fascinating rooms in the castle.
Visit at Sunset for Stunning Views – The castle’s white limestone exterior takes on a golden glow at sunset, creating a magical scene over the Adriatic Sea. Walk through the gardens for the best vantage points.

Predjama Castle, Slovenia

A view of Predjama Castle as it clings to the mountainside. — © Rolf / Adobe Stock

There aren’t too many castles anywhere on earth, let alone in Europe, built seamlessly into a cave. However, Predjama Castle in Slovenia combines a man-made structure with a natural cavern. The fortress is shrouded in legend and is said to have been used by Erasmus of Lueg, a 15th-century knight who robbed the rich to help the poor, just like Robin Hood.

Explore the Secret Tunnel System – Beneath the castle lies a network of hidden tunnels used by Erasmus to smuggle supplies and evade capture. Guided tours offer a glimpse into this fascinating escape route.
Visit During the Medieval Tournament – Every summer, Predjama hosts a medieval festival with jousting, archery, and costumed performances, bringing the castle’s history to life in an unforgettable way.

Hohensalzburg Fortress, Austria

Panoramic view of Salzburg skyline with Festung Hohensalzburg and river Salzach, Salzburger Land, Austria — © TTstudio / Adobe Stock

If you’d like to see one of the continent’s best-preserved and biggest medieval castles, head to Hohensalzburg Fortress in Salzburg. As it’s more than 500 meters above sea level, the structure towers over the city, offering visitors unparalleled views. The fortress is still used as a concert venue and features chapels, courtyards, and museums.

Take the Funicular for a Scenic Ride – The Festungsbahn funicular offers a quick and picturesque ascent to the fortress, saving time and energy while providing breathtaking views of Salzburg.
Attend a Mozart Concert in the Golden Hall – Experience the fortress’s rich musical heritage by enjoying a classical concert in the stunning Golden Hall, a unique way to immerse yourself in Salzburg’s cultural history.

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Pena Palace, Portugal

Palace of Pena in Sintra. Lisbon, Portugal. Famous landmark. Summer morning landscape with blue sky. — © Yasonya / Adobe Stock

Portugal’s Pena Palace is incredibly colorful, with elements of pastel lilac, rich red, vibrant orange, and sunny yellow. This fantasy castle was home to King Ferdinand II in the 19th century and is a UNESCO World Heritage site today. Sitting atop a hill among the Sintra Mountains not far from Lisbon, this fortress certainly has the wow factor in spades.

Hike Up for the Best Experience – Instead of taking a bus, hike through the lush trails of Sintra-Cascais Natural Park to reach the palace. It’s a scenic and rewarding way to approach this fairytale landmark.
Explore the Park of Pena – Beyond the palace, don’t miss the vast surrounding park, which features hidden pathways, exotic plants, and stunning viewpoints like the High Cross (Cruz Alta) for panoramic views.

Trakai Castle, Lithuania

Aerial panoramic view of Trakai castle at winter, aerial view of the castle — © lukjonis / Adobe Stock

Trakai Castle in Lithuania is Eastern Europe’s sole island castle. The castle is situated on one of a series of 21 islands on Lake Galvė. You can expect superb views over the water and forest from here, and learn about Lithuanian history in the on-site museum. The castle ranges from pastel peach to terracotta in color, which adds to the fairytale feel.

Rent a Boat for a Unique View – Instead of just walking around, rent a kayak or take a boat tour on Lake Galvė for breathtaking views of the castle reflected in the water.
Try Kibinai in Trakai Town – Don’t leave without tasting kibinai, a traditional Lithuanian pastry filled with meat or vegetables, best enjoyed at one of the lakeside cafés.

Prague Castle, Czech Republic

Prague Castle, Hradcany reflecting in Vltava river in Prague, Czech Republic at night. Charles Bridge to the right. — © Photocreo Bednarek / Adobe Stock

This is one of the most accessible castles on the list, as it’s easy to visit while taking a city break in Prague. It’s also worth adding to your itinerary because of the panoramic views from the hilltop location, meaning you can see the entire city spread out before you. This is the largest fortress in Europe and comprises a cluster of Baroque, Gothic, and Romanesque buildings.

Visit the Golden Lane Late in the Day – This charming medieval street inside the castle complex gets crowded fast, but visiting in the late afternoon offers a quieter, more atmospheric experience.
Catch the Changing of the Guard at Noon – While the ceremony happens hourly, the most elaborate version, complete with a fanfare, takes place at 12:00 PM in the first courtyard.

Neuschwanstein Castle, Germany

Germany’s Neuschwanstein Castle is the quintessential fairytale castle. Backed by the Bavarian Alps and Lake Alpsee, and surrounded by evergreen trees, the setting is just as spectacular as the building. The turrets, towers, and blue roof are said to have inspired Disney’s Magic Kingdom castle.

Hike to Marienbrücke for the Best View – Skip the typical viewing platforms and walk to Marienbrücke (Mary’s Bridge) for a breathtaking panoramic view of the castle and surrounding landscape.
Visit During Winter for a Magical Scene – While summer is busy, winter transforms Neuschwanstein into a true fairytale, with snow-covered towers and fewer crowds.

Spiš Castle, Slovakia

Aerial view of Spis (Spiš, Spišský) castle, Unesco Wold Heritage, Slovakia, second biggest medieval castle in Middle Europe. — © radu79 / Adobe Stock

Spiš Castle in Slovakia is a UNESCO World Heritage site and is the archetypal old, stone fort perched on a hilltop. Not only is this one of Europe’s most appealing castles, it’s also set among the Tatra Mountains and Slovakian countryside. During your visit, you can also learn about this castle’s important role in local and national history.

Explore the Underground Tunnels – Many visitors miss the castle’s hidden underground tunnels, which offer a glimpse into medieval defense strategies and daily life.
Time Your Visit for a Medieval Festival – If possible, visit during one of Spiš Castle’s medieval reenactment events, where you can experience knights’ tournaments, historical performances, and traditional Slovak crafts.

Alcázar Of Segovia, Spain

A panoramic view of Alcazar of Segovia against blue skies and clouds. — © nastyakamysheva / Adobe Stock

This Spanish castle, featuring a blue roof and spiraling turrets, could also have inspired Walt Disney. The setting is special, with sweeping views over the city of Segovia and the surrounding mountains. This storybook castle seamlessly blends Gothic, Moorish, and Romanesque elements. It’s worth taking a day trip to this UNESCO-listed destination while visiting Spain.

Climb the Tower of Juan II – For the best panoramic views of Segovia and the countryside, climb the castle’s main tower. The ascent is steep, but the breathtaking scenery is worth the effort.
Discover the Castle’s Moorish Influence – Look closely at the intricate geometric designs and Mudejar-style ceilings inside, showcasing the blend of Spanish and Moorish architecture rarely found in European castles.